How can PHP beginners effectively troubleshoot and debug issues related to visitor tracking and counters?

To effectively troubleshoot and debug visitor tracking and counters in PHP, beginners can start by checking for any errors in their code, ensuring that variables are properly initialized, and verifying that the tracking logic is correctly implemented. They can also use debugging tools like var_dump() or print_r() to inspect variables and data flow.

// Example code snippet for tracking visitors using session variables
session_start();

if (!isset($_SESSION['visits'])) {
    $_SESSION['visits'] = 1;
} else {
    $_SESSION['visits']++;
}

echo "Total visits: " . $_SESSION['visits'];