How can PHP be effectively integrated with MySQL databases for real-time data monitoring and updates?

To effectively integrate PHP with MySQL databases for real-time data monitoring and updates, you can use PHP's mysqli or PDO extension to establish a connection to the MySQL database. You can then use SQL queries within your PHP code to fetch, update, or insert data into the database based on real-time events or triggers.

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "database";

// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

// Query to fetch data from database
$sql = "SELECT * FROM table_name";
$result = $conn->query($sql);

if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
    // Output data of each row
    while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
        echo "id: " . $row["id"]. " - Name: " . $row["name"]. "<br>";
    }
} else {
    echo "0 results";
}

$conn->close();
?>