How can one ensure that PHP scripts are written efficiently and effectively?

To ensure that PHP scripts are written efficiently and effectively, it is important to follow best practices such as using proper coding conventions, optimizing database queries, minimizing the use of global variables, and caching data when possible. 

// Example of implementing best practices in PHP script

// Use proper coding conventions
function calculate_sum($num1, $num2) {
    return $num1 + $num2;
}

// Optimize database queries
$query = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE status = 'active'";
$result = mysqli_query($connection, $query);

// Minimize the use of global variables
function get_user_data($user_id) {
    global $connection;
    $query = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = $user_id";
    $result = mysqli_query($connection, $query);
    return mysqli_fetch_assoc($result);
}

// Cache data when possible
function get_cached_data($key) {
    $data = apc_fetch($key);
    if (!$data) {
        $data = // fetch data from database or external API
        apc_store($key, $data, 3600); // cache data for 1 hour
    }
    return $data;
}

Keywords

performance optimization code profiling caching techniques database query optimization memory management

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