How can one effectively troubleshoot and debug PHP code that is not producing any output or error messages?

If PHP code is not producing any output or error messages, one effective way to troubleshoot and debug the issue is to enable error reporting and display errors. This can be done by setting `error_reporting` to `E_ALL` and `display_errors` to `On` in the PHP configuration file or at the beginning of the PHP script. This will help to identify any syntax errors or runtime errors that may be causing the code to not produce any output.

<?php
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', 1);

// Your PHP code here
?>