How can one effectively troubleshoot and debug PHP code when encountering issues like recursion errors?

When encountering recursion errors in PHP code, one effective way to troubleshoot and debug the issue is to carefully review the recursive function and ensure that there is a proper base case to stop the recursion. Additionally, using debugging tools like var_dump() or print_r() can help track the flow of the recursive function and identify any potential issues.

function recursiveFunction($n) {
    // Base case to stop recursion
    if ($n == 0) {
        return;
    }

    // Recursive call
    recursiveFunction($n - 1);
}

// Call the recursive function
recursiveFunction(5);