How can one effectively debug PHP code with minimal errors?

To effectively debug PHP code with minimal errors, utilize tools like Xdebug for step-by-step debugging, log errors using error_reporting and ini_set functions, use var_dump or print_r to inspect variables, and break down the code into smaller sections to isolate the issue.

<?php
// Enable error reporting
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', 1);

// Sample code to debug
$number = 5;
$result = $number * 2;
var_dump($result);
?>