How can one determine if safe_mode is enabled in PHP and how to disable it for executing shell scripts?

Safe_mode in PHP can be determined by checking the value of the `safe_mode` directive in the php.ini configuration file. To disable safe_mode for executing shell scripts, you can either set `safe_mode = Off` in the php.ini file or use the `ini_set()` function in your PHP script to disable it at runtime.

// Check if safe_mode is enabled
if(ini_get('safe_mode')){
    // Disable safe_mode for executing shell scripts
    ini_set('safe_mode', 0);
}