How can null values in PHP be handled when passing them as parameters to functions like htmlspecialchars to avoid deprecated warnings?

When passing null values as parameters to functions like htmlspecialchars in PHP, it can result in deprecated warnings. To handle null values and avoid these warnings, you can check if the value is null before passing it to the function, and provide a default value or handle it accordingly.

$value = null;

// Check if the value is null before passing it to htmlspecialchars
if ($value !== null) {
    $encodedValue = htmlspecialchars($value);
} else {
    $encodedValue = '';
}

echo $encodedValue;