How can multiple queries be defined in PHP, especially when checking for both username and email availability in a registration form?

When checking for both username and email availability in a registration form, you can define multiple queries in PHP by executing separate SQL statements for each check. You can use prepared statements to prevent SQL injection attacks and bind parameters for the username and email values. After executing the queries, you can check the result to determine if the username or email is already taken.

// Assuming $username and $email are the values from the registration form

// Check if the username is already taken
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = :username");
$stmt->execute(['username' => $username]);
$user = $stmt->fetch();

if ($user) {
    echo "Username is already taken";
}

// Check if the email is already registered
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = :email");
$stmt->execute(['email' => $email]);
$user = $stmt->fetch();

if ($user) {
    echo "Email is already registered";
}