How can JSON strings be effectively decoded into arrays in PHP?

To decode JSON strings into arrays in PHP, you can use the `json_decode()` function. This function takes a JSON string as input and returns an array or object depending on the second parameter passed to it. By default, it returns an object, but you can specify `true` as the second parameter to get an associative array instead.

$jsonString = '{"key1": "value1", "key2": "value2"}';
$array = json_decode($jsonString, true);

print_r($array);