How can including external PHP files in a script affect the execution and potential errors, as seen in the forum thread?

Including external PHP files in a script can affect the execution by introducing errors such as redeclaration of functions or variables, namespace conflicts, or syntax errors. To solve this issue, you can use the `require_once` or `include_once` functions to include files only once to prevent redeclaration errors.

require_once 'external_file.php';
// Your code here