How can HTML entities like ä be handled in PHP for comparison purposes?

HTML entities like ä can be converted to their respective characters using PHP's html_entity_decode() function before performing any comparison operations. This function will decode all HTML entities in a string, making it easier to compare strings that may contain encoded characters.

$encodedString = 'ä';
$decodedString = html_entity_decode($encodedString);

// Now you can compare the decoded string with another string
if ($decodedString === 'ä') {
    echo 'Strings match!';
} else {
    echo 'Strings do not match.';
}