How can errors be effectively handled in PHP MySQL queries?

Errors in PHP MySQL queries can be effectively handled by using try-catch blocks to catch exceptions thrown by the database connection or query execution. By wrapping the query execution code in a try block and catching any exceptions in a catch block, you can handle errors gracefully and display meaningful error messages to the user.

try {
    $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;dbname=myDB", $username, $password);
    $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
    
    $query = "SELECT * FROM users";
    $stmt = $conn->query($query);
    
    // Process the query results
    
} catch(PDOException $e) {
    echo "Error: " . $e->getMessage();
}