How can error reporting in PHP be optimized to effectively debug and troubleshoot code issues, such as missing data output or unexpected behavior?

To optimize error reporting in PHP for effective debugging, you can enable error reporting, log errors to a file, and display errors on the screen during development. This will help you quickly identify and troubleshoot issues such as missing data output or unexpected behavior in your code.

// Enable error reporting
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', 1);

// Log errors to a file
ini_set('log_errors', 1);
ini_set('error_log', '/path/to/error.log');