How can error reporting be utilized effectively to debug PHP scripts and identify issues like null results from SQL queries?

To effectively debug PHP scripts and identify issues like null results from SQL queries, error reporting can be utilized by setting the error reporting level to include notices, warnings, and errors. This can help in identifying where the issue lies in the code and provide more detailed information about the error.

// Set error reporting level to include notices, warnings, and errors
error_reporting(E_ALL);

// Perform SQL query
$result = mysqli_query($connection, $query);

// Check for errors in the SQL query
if(!$result) {
    die('Error: ' . mysqli_error($connection));
}

// Process the SQL query result
while($row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result)) {
    // Code to process the result
}