How can error messages and debugging information be effectively utilized to troubleshoot fatal errors in PHP scripts?

When encountering fatal errors in PHP scripts, error messages and debugging information can be effectively utilized to identify the root cause of the issue. By enabling error reporting and displaying error messages, developers can pinpoint the specific line of code causing the error. Additionally, using tools like Xdebug can provide detailed information about the execution flow and variables at the time of the error.

// Enable error reporting to display all errors
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', 1);

// Use Xdebug for detailed debugging information
xdebug_start_trace();

// Your PHP code here

xdebug_stop_trace();