How can error handling be improved in the PHP code to address unexpected outcomes like invalid inputs or unexpected results?

To improve error handling in PHP code for unexpected outcomes like invalid inputs or unexpected results, we can use try-catch blocks to catch exceptions and handle errors gracefully. By utilizing built-in PHP functions like `try`, `catch`, and `throw`, we can effectively manage errors and prevent the script from crashing when encountering unexpected scenarios.

try {
    // Code block where potential errors may occur
    if($input < 0){
        throw new Exception("Invalid input: Input must be a positive number.");
    }
    $result = performCalculation($input);
    echo "Result: " . $result;
} catch (Exception $e) {
    // Catch and handle any exceptions thrown within the try block
    echo "Error: " . $e->getMessage();
}