How can error handling be improved in the PHP code to better identify and resolve issues?

Error handling in PHP can be improved by using try-catch blocks to catch exceptions and handle errors gracefully. This allows for more specific error messages to be displayed to the user or logged for debugging purposes. Additionally, using functions like error_reporting() and ini_set() to set error reporting levels can help identify and resolve issues more effectively.

try {
    // code that may throw an exception
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo 'Caught exception: ' . $e->getMessage();
}