How can encapsulation and proper object instantiation be maintained when dealing with related objects like "Mann" and "Frau" in PHP classes?

When dealing with related objects like "Mann" and "Frau" in PHP classes, encapsulation and proper object instantiation can be maintained by using inheritance. By creating a base class for both "Mann" and "Frau" with shared properties and methods, we can ensure encapsulation and avoid code duplication. Proper object instantiation can be achieved by using constructors in each subclass to initialize specific properties. 

<?php

class Person {
    protected $name;
    protected $age;
    
    public function __construct($name, $age) {
        $this->name = $name;
        $this->age = $age;
    }
}

class Mann extends Person {
    protected $beard;
    
    public function __construct($name, $age, $beard) {
        parent::__construct($name, $age);
        $this->beard = $beard;
    }
}

class Frau extends Person {
    protected $longHair;
    
    public function __construct($name, $age, $longHair) {
        parent::__construct($name, $age);
        $this->longHair = $longHair;
    }
}

$mann = new Mann("Max", 30, true);
$frau = new Frau("Emma", 25, false);

?>

Keywords

encapsulation object instantiation related objects PHP classes inheritance

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