How can encapsulation and inheritance be used effectively in PHP classes to handle data manipulation?

Encapsulation and inheritance can be used effectively in PHP classes to handle data manipulation by creating parent classes that contain common data and methods, and then extending these classes to create more specialized child classes that inherit the properties and methods of the parent class. Encapsulation ensures that data is kept private within the class and only accessible through getter and setter methods, while inheritance allows child classes to reuse and extend the functionality of the parent class. 

<?php

class Person {
    private $name;

    public function __construct($name) {
        $this->name = $name;
    }

    public function getName() {
        return $this->name;
    }

    public function setName($name) {
        $this->name = $name;
    }
}

class Employee extends Person {
    private $employeeId;

    public function __construct($name, $employeeId) {
        parent::__construct($name);
        $this->employeeId = $employeeId;
    }

    public function getEmployeeId() {
        return $this->employeeId;
    }

    public function setEmployeeId($employeeId) {
        $this->employeeId = $employeeId;
    }
}

$employee = new Employee("John Doe", 12345);
echo $employee->getName(); // Output: John Doe
echo $employee->getEmployeeId(); // Output: 12345

?>

Keywords

Encapsulation Inheritance PHP classes Data manipulation Object-oriented programming

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