How can developers troubleshoot and debug session-related problems in PHP, particularly when session data is not being stored or retrieved correctly?

Session-related problems in PHP, such as session data not being stored or retrieved correctly, can be troubleshooted and debugged by checking the session configuration in php.ini, ensuring session_start() is called before accessing session data, verifying that cookies are enabled in the browser, and checking for any errors in the PHP error logs.

// Ensure session_start() is called before accessing session data
session_start();

// Check if session data is being stored correctly
$_SESSION['example'] = 'data';
echo $_SESSION['example'];