How can developers improve their understanding of PHP code to prevent errors in logic and execution flow?

To improve their understanding of PHP code and prevent errors in logic and execution flow, developers can utilize debugging tools such as Xdebug, step through their code line by line, and use error reporting functions like error_log() or var_dump() to identify issues. Additionally, they can regularly review and refactor their code, follow best practices, and seek feedback from peers or more experienced developers.

// Example of using error_log() function to debug PHP code
error_log("Debug message: Variable x = " . $x);