How can developers ensure consistent character encoding across different environments like the web browser, PHP, and the database when using PDO in PHP?

Developers can ensure consistent character encoding across different environments like the web browser, PHP, and the database when using PDO in PHP by setting the character encoding for the connection to the database. This can be done by executing a SQL query to set the character set after establishing the database connection. 

// Establish a connection to the database
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=mydatabase', 'username', 'password');

// Set the character encoding for the connection
$pdo->exec("SET NAMES 'utf8'");

Keywords

Character encoding PDO PHP web browser database

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