How can developers effectively debug and troubleshoot PHP code that is not displaying the expected output in the browser?

When PHP code is not displaying the expected output in the browser, developers can effectively debug and troubleshoot by checking for syntax errors, ensuring all variables are properly initialized, and using functions like echo or var_dump to inspect variable values. Additionally, developers can enable error reporting to identify any runtime errors that may be occurring.

<?php
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', 1);

// Check for syntax errors
// Ensure all variables are properly initialized
// Use echo or var_dump to inspect variable values
// Fix any runtime errors that may be occurring

?>