How can developers differentiate between exceptional situations and programming errors when using exceptions in PHP?

Developers can differentiate between exceptional situations and programming errors by using specific exception classes for each scenario. For example, they can create custom exception classes for expected exceptional situations, such as a user input error, and use built-in exception classes like `InvalidArgumentException` for programming errors. By handling each type of exception differently in the code, developers can effectively manage and troubleshoot issues that arise during runtime. 

try {
    // Code that may throw exceptions
    if ($input < 0) {
        throw new InvalidArgumentException("Input must be a positive number.");
    }
} catch (InvalidArgumentException $e) {
    echo "Caught InvalidArgumentException: " . $e->getMessage();
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo "Caught generic Exception: " . $e->getMessage();
}

Keywords

exception handling error handling try catch throw custom exceptions

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