How can default values be effectively used in PHP scripts to handle cases where certain variables are not set?

When certain variables are not set in PHP scripts, default values can be used to handle these cases effectively. By assigning default values to variables, you can ensure that the script will not throw errors or behave unexpectedly when encountering unset variables.

// Using default values to handle unset variables
$variable1 = isset($_POST['variable1']) ? $_POST['variable1'] : 'default_value';
$variable2 = $_GET['variable2'] ?? 'default_value';
$variable3 = $_SESSION['variable3'] ?? 'default_value';

// Now $variable1, $variable2, and $variable3 will have values either from the request or default_value if not set