How can debugging techniques be used to troubleshoot issues with JSON object output in PHP?

When troubleshooting JSON object output in PHP, debugging techniques can be used to identify any errors in the JSON encoding process. One common issue is incorrectly formatted data being passed to the json_encode() function, resulting in invalid JSON output. To solve this, you can use functions like json_last_error() and json_last_error_msg() to check for any encoding errors and handle them accordingly.

$data = array(
    'name' => 'John Doe',
    'age' => 30,
    'city' => 'New York'
);

$json = json_encode($data);

if($json === false) {
    echo 'JSON encoding error: ' . json_last_error_msg();
} else {
    echo $json;
}