How can debugging techniques be used to troubleshoot JavaScript issues in PHP applications?

To troubleshoot JavaScript issues in PHP applications, debugging techniques such as using console.log statements, browser developer tools, and PHP error logs can be helpful. By inspecting the output of JavaScript code in the browser console and checking for any PHP errors, you can identify and resolve issues effectively.

<?php
// PHP code snippet to output JavaScript variable for debugging
$js_variable = "Hello, world!";
echo "<script>console.log('JS Variable: $js_variable');</script>";
?>