How can debugging techniques be effectively used to troubleshoot PHP scripts that are not receiving variables as expected from HTML forms?

To troubleshoot PHP scripts not receiving variables from HTML forms, you can use debugging techniques such as printing the form data using `var_dump()` or `print_r()` to check if the variables are being passed correctly. Additionally, you can inspect the form elements in the browser's developer tools to ensure they are named correctly. Lastly, you can check for any typos or errors in the PHP script that may be causing the issue.

<?php
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
    var_dump($_POST); // Print the form data to debug
    // Check if the form variables are being received correctly
    $username = $_POST['username'];
    $password = $_POST['password'];
    
    // Rest of your PHP script
}
?>