How can controllers and models communicate effectively in a PHP framework like Codeigniter?

Controllers and models can communicate effectively in a PHP framework like Codeigniter by using the built-in methods provided by the framework. Controllers can load models using the `$this->load->model('Model_name')` method and then call methods defined in the model to interact with the database. Models can return data to controllers using the `return` statement, allowing controllers to manipulate and pass data to views for displaying. 

// Controller
class Example_controller extends CI_Controller {
    public function index() {
        $this->load->model('Example_model');
        $data = $this->Example_model->get_data();
        
        // Manipulate data
        $processed_data = $this->process_data($data);
        
        // Pass data to view
        $this->load->view('example_view', ['data' => $processed_data]);
    }
    
    private function process_data($data) {
        // Process data here
        return $processed_data;
    }
}

// Model
class Example_model extends CI_Model {
    public function get_data() {
        // Get data from database
        $query = $this->db->get('example_table');
        return $query->result();
    }
}

Keywords

controllers models communication PHP framework Codeigniter

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