How can a PHP developer ensure data integrity and consistency when implementing database updates based on user actions like clicking on an image?

To ensure data integrity and consistency when implementing database updates based on user actions like clicking on an image, a PHP developer can use transactions in their code. By wrapping the database update operations within a transaction, the developer can ensure that either all database changes are successfully committed, or none of them are, maintaining data integrity. 

<?php
// Establish database connection
$pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;dbname=mydatabase", "username", "password");

// Begin a transaction
$pdo->beginTransaction();

try {
    // Perform database update operations based on user action
    $stmt = $pdo->prepare("UPDATE images SET likes = likes + 1 WHERE id = ?");
    $stmt->execute([$imageId]);

    // Commit the transaction if all operations are successful
    $pdo->commit();
} catch (Exception $e) {
    // Rollback the transaction if an error occurs
    $pdo->rollback();
    echo "Error: " . $e->getMessage();
}
?>

Keywords

PHP database updates data integrity consistency user actions

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