How can a PHP developer effectively address HTML validation errors in their code?

To address HTML validation errors in PHP code, developers can use functions like `htmlspecialchars` to escape special characters and ensure that the output is valid HTML. By sanitizing user input and dynamically generated content, developers can prevent common validation issues such as unclosed tags or invalid attributes.

// Example PHP code snippet to sanitize user input using htmlspecialchars
$userInput = "<script>alert('XSS attack!')</script>";
$cleanInput = htmlspecialchars($userInput, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
echo $cleanInput;