How can a domain change affect the functionality of PHP code in Wordpress themes?

Changing the domain of a WordPress site can affect the functionality of PHP code in themes if the code contains hardcoded URLs that reference the old domain. To solve this issue, you can use WordPress functions like home_url() or site_url() to dynamically generate URLs based on the current domain.

$old_url = 'http://old-domain.com';
$new_url = home_url();

$content = str_replace($old_url, $new_url, $content);