Are there specific PHP functions or methods that should be used to ensure proper handling of special characters like umlauts in email content?

Special characters like umlauts in email content can cause encoding issues if not handled properly. To ensure proper handling of these characters, PHP provides functions like mb_encode_mimeheader() and mb_send_mail() that can be used to encode and send emails with special characters.

// Set the email content with special characters
$email_content = "This is a test email with ümläuts.";

// Encode the email content using mb_encode_mimeheader()
$encoded_content = mb_encode_mimeheader($email_content, 'UTF-8');

// Send the email with special characters using mb_send_mail()
$to = 'recipient@example.com';
$subject = 'Test Email';
$headers = 'From: sender@example.com' . "\r\n" .
    'Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8' . "\r\n";

mb_send_mail($to, $subject, $encoded_content, $headers);