Are there any specific scenarios where escaping user input is not necessary in PHP?

Escaping user input is necessary in PHP to prevent security vulnerabilities such as SQL injection and cross-site scripting attacks. However, there are certain scenarios where escaping user input may not be necessary, such as when using prepared statements with parameterized queries to interact with a database. In this case, the parameters are automatically escaped by the database driver, providing protection against SQL injection. 

// Example of using prepared statements with parameterized queries
$stmt = $pdo->prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = :username');
$stmt->bindParam(':username', $username);
$stmt->execute();
$results = $stmt->fetchAll();

Keywords

SQL injection prepared statements PDO input validation XSS protection

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