Are there any potential pitfalls when using exponentiation in PHP?

One potential pitfall when using exponentiation in PHP is the risk of integer overflow when dealing with very large numbers. To solve this issue, you can use the `bcpow` function in PHP, which allows for arbitrary precision arithmetic and can handle calculations with large numbers without causing overflow.

$base = '12345678901234567890';
$exponent = '10';
$result = bcpow($base, $exponent);

echo $result;